腎毒性PCR芯片可用于研究的84個關鍵基因的表達，這些基因可以作為腎毒性的潛在的分子標志物。減小腎毒性仍然是新藥上市最大的障礙之一。腎臟是藥物排泄的重要器官，因此它是毒理學試驗的重要研究對象。在動物模型的毒性反應中表達出現持續上升或者下降的基因能夠作為預測不良臨床反應的潛在標識物。腎臟的排泄過程是從血液經過腎小球過濾開始，然后將濾液通過近端小管，亨勒環路，遠端腎小管，并最終到達收集管。藥物引起的腎毒性研究主要集中在近端小管的毒性，大多數藥物在這個區域重吸收。該芯片包含已知腎毒性藥物引起的差異表達的基因。利用實時定量PCR，研究者可以方便并且可信地對與腎毒性反應相關的基因進行同時檢測。
Up-Regulated: Apoptosis: ANGPTL4, ANXA5, BTG2, CD24, CD44, CDKN1A, CLU, GADD45A, GSTP1, HMOX1, NQO1, RTN4, SOCS3, TNFRSF12A. Cell Cycle: CCND1, CCNG1, CDKN1A, GADD45A, MCM6. Metal Ion Binding: BMP1, CCS, CP, CTSS, HMOX1, HMOX2, MT1A. Oxidative Stress: CLU, G6PD, GPX2, GPX8, HMOX1, HMOX2, NQO1. Proliferation: ATF3, BTG2, CCND1, CD24, CDKN1A (p21CIP1/WAF1), CLU, CXCL1, CXCL10 (INP10), GLUL, GPNMB, HMOX1, HSP90AA1, TIMP1, UCHL1, VCAM1. Tissue Remodeling: CST3, FN1, HAVCR1 (KIM-1), SPP1 (Osteopontin), TIMP1. Transporters: ABCB1 (MDR1), ABCC2 (MRP2). Xenobiotic Metabolism: CYP2C19, GSTP1. Extracellular Matrix: ANGPTL4, CCL3 (MIP-1A), CD44, CST3, FGB, LGALS3, MGP, TIMP1. Cytoskeleton: CCL3, G6PD, SPRR1A, TMSB10, VIM. Others: A2M, GC, IGFBP1, LCN2 (NGAL), UGT1A1. Down-Regulated: Apoptosis: BMP4, CAT, GHR, IGFBP3, SOD2. Cell Cycle: BMP4, EGF. Metal Ion Binding: BHMT, IDH1, RGN, SCD, SOD2, SOD3. Oxidative Stress: CAT, GATM, IDH1, SOD2, SOD3. Proliferation: BMP4, EGF, IGFBP3, NOX4, ODC1, SOD2. Transporters: SLC22A1, SLC22A5, SLC22A6. Xenobiotic Metabolism: CYP2D6, FMO2, GSTK1. Extracellular Matrix: BMP4, CYR61, SOD3. Others: AASS, ALDH1A1, CALB1, G6PC, GAMT, IPMK, KLK1, NPHS2, OAT. |
